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Similarly to the 2007-2013 programming period, there is a
trend to address Roma
inclusion in OPs at national level, opting for a centralised management
, not only of
national lines of intervention but also of regional and local ones.
Some
national OPs address interventions in
all
regions
, for example the ERDF-funded
Romanian
Regional OP
and
Slovak
Integrated Regional OP
or the multi-funded (ESF and
ERDF)
Territorial and Settlement Development OP
in
Hungary
. Others focus on a specific
number of regions as it is the case of the Italian
Legality OP
(ESF and ERDF), which targets
the less developed regions in Italy.
In other cases,
national OPs have a clear local dimension
, envisaging investments in a
selected number of locations, like the
Bulgarian
ERDF
Regions in Growth OP
(on thirty-nine
urban centres), the
Croatian
ERDF
Competitiveness and Cohesion OP
(in five pilot towns)
or the
Italian
ESF/ERDF
Metropolitan Cities OP
(in fourteen metropolitan cities).
The case of
Czech Republic
is also worth mentioning. The country
moved from a structure
combining national and regional OPs
in the 2007-2013 programming period (with nine
relevant regional OPs) to one mainly based on national programmes in which the Managing
Authorities at national level will be the ones in contact with the regional level.
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There is only
one exception to this general trend: Belgium
, a case that should be seen
in the context of the general administrative structure of the country.
In the 2014-2020 programming period,
Belgium
opts for a completely decentralised
approach based on OPs at the regional level (one OP for each of the three Belgian regions
plus an additional OP for the German-speaking community). Within this framework, Roma
inclusion is addressed in the OP covering the Flemish region of the country (
Flanders OP
),
while in the 2007-2013 programming period it was in one of the national OPs.
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There seem to be attempts to consider Roma to a larger extent in regional OPs
(by
increasing the number of regional OPs addressing Roma inclusion or giving them more
capacity), understanding the potential impact of regional OPs on Roma inclusion
(regardless of whether explicit actions targeting Roma are foreseen).
In
Greece
, while some actions are supported at national level under the ESF
Human
Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning OP
, the regional OPs are the
ones addressing ESF IP 9.2 and therefore supposed to include more actions specifically
related to Roma inclusion.