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A combination of approaches, thematic objectives
and investment priorities to address Roma inclusion
67
dedicated priority axes, thematic objectives and/or actions/types of interventions. While
only one OP foresees a dedicated priority axis to address Roma inclusion (the Slovak
Human Resources OP
- PA 5 ‘Integration of marginalised Roma communities’), the
most common trend is to dedicate specific objectives or actions/types of interventions
to Roma inclusion. This is the case of the Belgian
Flanders OP
, the Bulgarian
Human
Resources Development OP
and
Science and Education for Smart Growth OP
, the
Czech
Research, Development and Education OP
, the Italian
Social Inclusion OP
,
Metropolitan Cities OP and Legality OP
, the Romanian
Human Capital OP
and the
Spanish
Social Inclusion and Social Economy OP
.
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In general terms, it seems that IP
9.2. is addressed in national rather than in regional
OPs
. Two countries are however exceptions to this general trend: Belgium, where in
this programming period Roma inclusion will only be addressed within the OP of one
of the country’s regions (
Flanders OP
), and Greece where, while certain measures
benefitting Roma are foreseen within the national
Human Resources Development,
Education and Lifelong Learning OP
, IP 9.2. is incorporated only in the regional OPs.
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Out of the OPs that address Roma inclusion under IP 9.2., a large number also
foresee actions under other ESF investment priorities
mainly under TO9 (notably
IP 9.1. followed by 9.6 and 9.3.), TO 8 (notably IP 8.1.) and TO10 (notably IP
10.1.). However in these IPs a more general approach is used with an ‘explicit but
not exclusive’ or even ‘no explicit’ mention to Roma/Roma communities.
OPs addressing Roma inclusion under IPs other than IP 9.2.
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Although the most targeted actions are found in the OPs under IP 9.2.,
a number of
OPs under IPs other than 9.2.
(five OPs)
also pay particular attention to Roma
, even
with dedicated actions targeting Roma, notably under IP 9.1. and 10.
As already mentioned,
Austria
(
Employment OP
),
Poland
(
Knowledge, Education,
Development OP
) and
Portugal
(
Social Inclusion and Employment OP
) foresee specific
actions under IP 9.1. ‘Active inclusion, including with a view to promoting equal
opportunities and active participation and improving employability’.
Greece and Croatia opt for TO 10 ‘Investing in education, skills and lifelong learning’. The
Greek
Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning OP
includes under
this objective an explicit area of support on specialised services by Roma mediators for
the integration of students with cultural and religious differences. The
Croatian
Efficient
Human Resources OP
foresees, under IP 10.3. a specific action to support Roma students
at the level of preschool and primary education. In addition, Roma can benefit from other
IPs where they are explicitly but not exclusively mentioned (9.1., 9.5) or where they are not
explicitly mentioned (8.1., 8.6, 9.4., 10.4, 11.2.).